As a rule, I do not use them with the exception of on the smallest coils, such as White's 4" Snooper (Blue Max 350) or a 5" Excelerator.
Why DO I use them on these coils? Because these coils are small and lightweight even with the coil cover installed, and because these little 'tools' are able to be worked in and around dense brush and building rubble, rocks, and other tight places.
Do I NEED them on these smaller coil? No, but as I mentioned there's no felt weight or imbalance with them.
Is there anything I do NOT like about using coil covers on smaller coils? Yes. Even without any small, gritty dust or dirt to help bind the coil cover they can be a real pain in the arse to remove. However, since I keep my detectors clean from outing to outing I seldom remove the coil cover as it isn't really needed.
Why DON'T I use a coil cover most of the time? It's because even though they don't appear to be very heavy, the felt weight when out on the working end of the rod can be a bit fatiguing, especially for some women and young folks as well as those of us who are getting a little older. I know I can get longer detecting times in w/o a coil cover as my arm/shoulder/back can tell the difference.
All anyone has to do to see if there is a difference for them is search for 30 minutes with a coil cover attached to their favorite coil then stop, removed the coil cover, and get back to detecting. If you can't tell the difference then you're in the minority. Most are surprised at the pronounced reduction in felt weight.
Another reason I don't use them. Manufacturers didn't use to offer them or really promote them very much. In the earlier days of TR and TR-Disc. model use, or when the VLF/TR-Disc. models came out, it was very important to maintain a consistent coil-to-ground relationship unless in the ground balanced VLF (GEB Norm) mode. One easy way to do that was to work the coil right on the ground. The technique of "scrubbing" the coil was especially promoted in the late '70s into the early '80s for those using the VLF/TR-Disc. models Usually, this was a technique employed by "Coin Hunters", and typically such searching was done in grassy areas. Thus, no real wear-and-tear on the search coil.
I know this is a White's Forum but let me mention a Tesoro factory comment about coil covers. When Tesoro brought out the 'spoked' or 'spider' coils they had the exposed epoxy on the bottom and many wanted a coil cover to protect the surface look. They put out a statement to dealers that there was a slowness in the production and availability of coils because they had to step up coil cover production. Almost everyone wanted a coil cover for their new spoked coil, whereas for twenty some years Tesoro only had a coil cover production equal to about 50% of the number of solid search coils they made. Why? They were not needed or desired.
Since most TR-Discriminate production ended almost a quarter of a century ago by all the major manufacturers, we have been able to enjoy units that feature ground compensation. The GEB Norm. and GEB-Disc. (motion) operating modes are the most used in the industry, and if you read almost every manufacturer's Operating Manual they suggest you work the search coil "an inch or two" off the ground. This helps eliminate drag or hang-up and promotes a smooth, consistent sweep of the coil. Also, it can eliminate some "overload" responses from the shallower targets, and even more important it can provide better all around performance, especially in more mineralized ground, as there can be some issues of "fold-over" when a search coil is positioned too close to the ground. This is especially true with many of today's high gain models with bigger coils that 'see' more ground and are therefore more reactive to it.
Usually, my search coil is worked along the grass tops and over bare ground I guess I'm generally about