This is not rocket science. c/p White’s has chosen to normalize them all to a standard VDI scale. Therefore, a US nickel detected with a 6kHz detector will have the same VDI as with a 15kHz detector. For historical reasons, the standard VDI scale is based on a 6.592kHz detector. The standard VDI scale is shown below. Ante. For years an age-old adage a leopards' spots never changes I never did doubt the breadth of that statement. An aerial view of the leopard, front view, or side view show the leopards' spots and they remain the same when going back and taking another picture, they are still the same. When a multi-frequency 'simultaneous' metal detector searches for a VDI below the ground that VDI cannot possibly change The VDI indicates the target. The Garrett/White's V3i and the Vortex in my opinion cannot possibly fail to be extremely competitive. Does Garrett have the intellectual property copyrights to the 'simultaneous' multifrequency metal detector? None of the other 'simultaneous' metal detectors have adequate information on the screen like the V3i? Imagine swinging a multi-frequency metal detector that is 'simultaneous' and very little information on the screen what could the operator possibly say other than my machine is 'chatty'. Beep, beep, beep.