Sensitivity and depth are perhaps the two most mis-used terms in this hobby. Many makers call it a "depth" control and that doesnt help matters, either. They do this mostly because that is how detector users think - in terms of "how deep?..."
The SENSITIVITY control is really a gain control for the amplifiers in the receive circuits of your detector. It doesn't actually make the detector go deeper, as it doesn't put more power into the transmit signal, as a rule (although there have been a few makers to try that). Rather, it increases the gain of the receive circuits, so that smaller or deeper targets can be better "seen" by the detector. Sensitivity is really a better description, although few actually describe what is really happening with this control.
Imagine, if you had a radio that allowed you to adjust how sensitive it would be to the signals in the air. There wouldn't be any more power in the signals at your point of reception, it's just that you could adjust your radio receiver to better pick them up.
However, this control will be a trade off. Turning up the gain of the receiver, while making it more sensitive to smaller/deeper/weaker target signals, will also make it unstable due to both intrinsic circuit noise and when there is a lot of mineralization or trash targets within the detection field.
This is why there is so much chatter and falsing within the wetted salt at the beach, when running too high a gain (SENS). The dilute salts are fairly conductive, electrically, and the receiver circuits react to this at higher gain settings, giving false signals over the salt laden matrix. Ever hear the admontition to reduce your sensitivity on the wet salt sand so you reduce "chatter," etc.? That's why.
So, the thing to do is start out with your recieve gain (SENS) a little low, and bring it up until you begin to get falsing and spurious targets signals. Then back down until everything settles down. Then you will be "running as high as you can" for your hunt area(s). It will vary from place to place, from one soil matrix to another.
Does this help?...