I have the text version of the 8500b manual here if you need one: http://www.whiteriverprep.com/vintage/tek/tek8500.html
The required battery charger depends more on which cells you installed and whether they are fast or normal charge. Normal charge is usually 1/10th of the capacity. 2000 mah cells would do well charged with 200 ma for 10 to 12 hours. The slower rate heats them less, which leads to longer life.
If the 8500b has built in charging ability and only needs a wallwart to work, it's probably done at the 1/10th rate for the ni-cads that were available at that time, which was probably on the order of 600 to 1000 ma, so the "stock" charging current would be 60 to 100 ma. Doubling that by using a larger wallwart might overheat the internal regulator or associated parts of the charging circuit. So, charging up some 2000 ma cells might take 20 hours or longer in a "stock" configuration.
Some newer cell types are better rated to handle a quick charge, which usually requires some sort of smart charger which knows when to taper off the current. To take advantage of a smart charger, you'd need to remove the pack for charging or provide some sort of custom hookup.
For either fast or slow charge, the voltage of the charger would normally be slightly above the pack's voltage. The pack itself acts as a sort of load regulator. At first, current will be high and voltage low. As the pack charges, it will draw less current and voltage from the wallwart will begin to rise.
Unless you have one or more weak cells. They'll draw a lot of current and keep the wallwart working harder and producing a lower voltage.
It can get a bit dicey recharging a large pack all at once. If one or a couple cells become weaker than the others, they will begin to have more current forced through them and they'll get weaker over time. The total pack voltage will grow less and operate the detector for less time, even though it's only a couple cells that are at fault.
It's a pain to remove them to charge in smaller groups, so just be aware of it and maybe individually test the cells periodically before and after a charge to see if one or more are failing to come back up to a similar voltage as the others.
If the cells are warm from use or being in the hot car, let them cool down before recharging and let them cool after that before using them again. Excess heat boiling off the internal electrolyte is what hurts 'em the most. That and running them down too deeply before recharging.
Batteries are getting better, but the ones that are "affordable" are probably older tech and won't mind a little extra coddling. I'm not sure if the 8500b's built-in charging circuitry could really handle some of the modern high-output cells. The detector may do best with cells that are close to the originals in capacity.
That's not a very difinitive answer, but hopefully these few general guidelines might help.
-Ed