Most of the time when I've tested auto against manual it seems that Auto sets it's self somewhere around the 2 to 3PM position, probably leaning more around 3PM. That's when I've flipped back and fourth between auto and manual to test the response of a buried target. Often when I can't hear it in Auto once I move the dial up (remember that the sensitivity dial goes counter clockwise in terms of lowest to highest, then into Auto when it clicks out of the highest manual setting) to around 3PM or so is when I start to hear the target in manual.
However, I think Auto calibrates it's self not on the amount of ground mineral content but also to the amount of RF noise in the air. For that reason setting it to Auto in your house will calibrate it much lower than it would if you were away from any power lines or other sources of electrical/mechanical noise. In a situation like say in the woods I believe Auto will adjust it's self higher or at least bases it's setting more on how rough the ground is to handle rather than due to the amount of noise it's picking up.
You might think that running the Sovereign in Auto in highly mineralized ground with tons of iron and hot rocks would cause it to really drop to something super low. I've not found that to be the case. In fact, there are some bad sites with all the above problems and running in Auto at least on the 15x12 coil has got me silver coins at 7 1/2" deep easily with perfect/loud audio and proper VDI. One of the spots it did this for me also has a nearby AM transmitter which along with the ground conditions has played havoc on all my prior machines including my Explorers. Needless to say I was shocked to hit on a deep silver quarter perfectly that I know I've passed over numerous times with other machines including all three of my Explorers.
There seems to be something about Auto that I feel can make it produce coins that a static manual setting misses for one reason or another. My main theory on this is that I feel Auto is much like automatic ground tracking on some machines in that it is constantly adjusting it's self to the changing ground conditions. I feel that's why it seems to some times produce coins that a manual setting missed for me when I know very well I've passed over that coin countless times in manual yet never got it. If for instance a silver coin is laying in a particular spot where the ground in days gone by has been disturbed (changing it's matrix), or say for some odd reason a band of mineral or heavy iron content (I'm not talking things like nails here, but rather soil where there is a lot of microscopic iron "powder" in the soil)...then I think under these specific circumstances Auto's constant adjustment to the soil matrix might unmask that coin.
That sounds more like what auto ground tracking does then auto sensitivity but in a sense they both work in a somewhat similar fashion. Just as ground tracking will try to track the changing ground that some sites have, I think auto sensitivity may be re-adjusting it's self when the ground gets hotter or "colder" in order to keep the machine as stable as possible. Auto sensitivity's main job is to keep the machine and thus it's threshold rock solid stable. If it runs across a band of heavy minerals, iron, or hot rocks, I believe it lowers the sensitivity so that the machine isn't blinded by those conditions. That's where a static manual setting might suddenly be too high (or even too low) for one particular spot and so blind the machine to the target.
Auto is also useful when a site is so heavily loaded with iron and other trash that it's almost impossible to find a clean spot to sweep over while adjusting your sensitivity. In a case like that you'd probably be better running in auto then guessing at a sensitivity setting which might be way off what the best should be. At least auto will get you in the ballpark. Crazyman's pump method of setting sensitivity is a good option in a place like this where there is not enough clean ground to sweep around while calibrating the sensitivity.
The main reason why I do not like auto ground tracking on any machine is that iron and other junk can cause the ground balance to get way off. Setting ground tracking statictly is always going to give you maximum depth, and an auto ground tracking can smooth out and track out a deep coin at fringe depth. For those reasons I still have concerns with Auto sensitivity. I don't trust what it might be doing to the machine due to what the coil is passing over in the ground. It might say be hitting a ton of iron or hot rocks and knock it's adjustment way down to try to keep the machine stable. On the flip side of this, though, I think Auto sensitivity might have benefits in these kinds of conditions as it's constantly tweaking the machine for a decent setting that's in the ballpark for that particular spot the coil is now over.
Another theory I have about auto sensitivity which I haven't tested yet is that I feel it's either going to do one of two things when it comes to coins masked by iron or other trash. It could possibly reveal the coin better because it's adjusting to try to bring back the threshold faster and so give the machine the chance to hear the coin. The other possibility is that in trying to keep the machine stable Auto might smooth out the signal and make the coin harder to unmask. I keep intending to test this theory both ways on several masked coins in a test bed to see if either has advantages over the other. One of these days I'll get around to it and will write up a report on the results. I need to do that anyway because I want to compare the 15x12's unmasking ability to the 10" and S-5 coil. I'm pretty sure it's going to beat the 10" but I also have a feeling it might do better on certain masked targets than even the S-5 can due to the SEF's unique morphed hybrid coil field (part concentric but mostly double D).
In summary (you probably thought I'd never get there
), I think what it comes down to is to try Auto at some of your rougher spots (hot rocks, minerals, iron, fast changing ground conditions, RF noise, etc). Re-work the spot in auto after you've gridded it with your "best" manual setting. Make sure you grid in the same direction so that variable doesn't alter the results of what is and isn't revealed. I think you may surprise yourself in that Auto reveals some targets that manual plain out missed.
One last remark about Auto- It will really stabilize target ID's and audio when the conditions are so bad due to any of the above factors that a solid locking VDI is hard to achieve. As good as these Minelabs are at excelling in the worst of site conditions (way better than the competition), even they still have their limits as to what they'll put up with. If the ID on something that doesn't sound all that deep is roaming around on you yet you know it's a coin or other target that should provide a single VDI #, my first suggestion is that you haven't calibrated manual sensitivity properly. However, I've been at spots where nothing in the way of manual adjustment would clean up the signal (rare to have sites like this that give a Minelab problem, but they do exist) try flipping over to Auto. I've personally seen it clean up the audio and ID that any manual setting wouldn't. Whether that was due to soil conditions, nearby mineral or trash, or even just stray RF noise that keeps messing with the machine is any body's guess. I just feel that there is something about Auto that works when manual won't, but I'm sure the reverse of that is true more often than not as well.
With what I've seen Auto do on the SEF (giving me silver at just under 8" deep with no problem) I'm confident it will go even an inch or two deeper. Even at 7.5 to 8", though, that's very impressive because most machines on the market max out at about that depth regardless of how high they've tweaked manual for best possible depth. That's also why I've said the same thing about the S-5 coil. It just blows my mind that that little bugger is pretty much getting the same depth as many of my prior machines from other companies using an 8 to 10" coil. Really brings a smile to my face...
OK, now I really am done with my thoughts on Auto.